The Courier-Journal from Louisville, Kentucky • Page 61

The Passing Show Public Affairs Editorials Business Books AUGUST 1, 1965 SECTION I) Senate Critics Of LBJ Policy In Viet Nam Think They Gained By ROBERT L. RIGGS, Chief The Courier-Journal Ami Times It urea ti WASHINGTON Senators who have dent showed a willingness to consider the ones most inhibited. There is an ing the struggle to hold Viet Nam that been conducting an extended attack upon them. Perhaps more important, he dis- uncertainty in their minds about the right- nation has increased its stature throughout President Johnson's policy in Viet Nam played a willingness to abide by the ness of our position." the world instead of losinc m-estice believe they accomplished a little some- results of an election held throughout the 8 Presuge- thing by the heavy verbal barrage they country, even if it appeared clear in ad- Through his formal utterance at the To the argument that it Is not the delivered during the two days preceding vance that our side was sure to lose the Press conference and his answers to re- duty of the United States to try to put his midweek television report on stepped- vote. porters questions, the President virtually down communism in that part of the up military activity.

engaged in debate with his senatorial world, the President said: Would Be Reversal critics. His most vigorous rejoinder was Although he rejected many of their A- .1 i. rt i. m. it that tviiw it wno quesuonea ine "neatness "i ue nun-uommunisi nations entanglement there, he at least refrained would be a reversal of views which have Position" in Viet Nam.

of he world cannot by themselves from doing immediately some of the been in effect ever since they were enun- ThoSe critics have accused him of fiht- things they most had dreaded. ciated by John Foster Dulles several years lwb VMXtP Wtaf shield PWW President by no means yielded in tmX iven from the field in HIrihSH: akssass hrreSehisisrenP tslpsz SmJSSd S3SdiTto either on the Senate flw or in ShSS oi 'th? coulry ate PT' In hland- rc" PrV8t" They deny that the national security of tal rco-t feared was imminent much uui me unuea states is involved in wnat Flcklon In Dallas Mornlno Ntwi 'It'll Get Wore Before It Cela Better' the President said: "Nor would surrender Red China, hut also is helping to heal in Viet Nam bring peace. The the breach between Moscow and Peiping. battle would be renewed in another coun- Johnson presumably had that claim in try and then another country. mind when, in talking about the dangers lion would imperil the security of the United States itself.

We did not choose to be the guardians at the gate, but there is no one else." phrased it, the situation is still "bleak" happens in South Viet Nam or neighbor-It is estimated that the kind of warfor. because the Viet Nam policy continues ing areas of Southeast Asia. To the con-conquest which has been the nightmare of follow th "succession of mis- trary, they insist, our adventures in that some would require close to 1 million ikes slnce Bllt Gore professed to part of the world are likely to lead men. Hence, the senators feci the country be encouraged because the President had us to military disaster on the continent io 3i.if at iat fnr a dm frm full, "stopped short of turning the struggle of Asia. To those who have scorned the "falling ll is part of the senatorial bill of of appeasement, he used the words "Asian domino theory, which holds that every particulars that our action against the communism." as if to assure Moscow ineir view Is that since trance decided time a country is turned over to the Communists of North Viet Nam is not we don include Russia among our Asian 11 years ago to cut its losses by abandon- Communists, another falls to their grasp, only bringing Ho Chi Minh closer to enemies.

HARK, HARK, THE QUARK That's what the $280 million atom-smasher will seek scale conflict in which our troops would int0 a conflict of Asian against white be "bogged down in a war of white men man- against Asians" in which they believe vie- Another Democratic critic of the Viet tory for our side would be virtually un- Nam policy, Stephen Young of Ohio, attainable. found the President's words offered "a ray of sunshine amidst the gloom" be- The most comfort the senators got from cause he renewed his efforts to find the President's report was that not only is a solution through the United Nations, there no full-scale war close at hand in Viet Nam, but also that the President has There Is no way to get a public count thus far resisted those who argue that now on the number of senators opposed in is the time to embark upon a preventive one degree or another to what the Presi- war with Red China before Peiplng has dent is doing in Southeast Asia. Even developed its capacity to deliver nuclear those who make their opposition in the bombs. open are not in agreement among WASHINGTON fAP) There may By FRANK CAREY Restrictions Softened figure there well may be others in what they call the "nuclear jungle." Thpv ranpp frnin Orpcon's Wavne "nnirln" in iu noilm1! a til. Tl ui vguaj.no in tile iiativu a lukui v.

i Acwmpanying their relief that the Pies- Morse who keeps challenging the Presi- new and sensational source of energy ident has not chosen yet to step up greatly dent to ask for a declaration of war, vastly more powerful than that loosed by the tempo of conflict was senatorial satis- t0 tnose who want njm to cease all mili- hydrogen bombs. faction that the Chief Executive not only tary activity, hold a few strong points in And, in a way. it would be a monu- has pledged again his willingness to nego- Viet Nam and wait until the North ment to a fictional bartender's dreams, tiate an end to fighting, but also has soft- Vietnamese, eventually convinced they That's the news from some top-flight son why the United States should great- million, with a $50 million annual operat- Then there are "anti-particles" that ly expand its activities in the expensive jng budget. It would be nearly a mile in is, particles which are the direct opposite clnThTn1-0''1 hUgC atm" diameter. of certain of the other nuclear tidbits, smashing machines.

The monster promises a rich payoff in The "anti-matter" particles annihilate ml. IJ t. J. 11 ened the restrictions which he previously cannot win, arrive at the conference table, nuclear physicists who indicate that this Hundreds of comZnittea acrwa the payrUs Prestie to the community tneir opposite numbers whenever they had placed around his offers to talk. In addition to those who don't voice still-hypothetical form of energy might ation are comDetiiHE to provide the site that ets And the months aheadl wil1 come contad Wlth them- In that same Whereas his earlier attitude had been their 0PPsl0n the floor are the prove useful in both war and peace.

jor largest, costliest atom-smasher be cliffhangers. Final site selection should process, the anti-particles are themselves that we would not deal with the National manv who their complaining in the "Quarks" is the name assigned to ever buHti Ajaska Hawaii, Dela- be announced by December. annihilated. Liberation Front, which is the mouthpiece c'm- They me som(e st' undiscovered ware and Vermont have not entered At the congressional hearines the of the North Vie Nam Communist regime Foreign Relations Committee who particles believed by some physicists the race (Kentucky and Indiana are Borrowed From Novel mairit -iT It i hearin8s' operating in South Viet Nam, the Presi- are described by their chairman, J. Wil- to constitute the long-sought basic piumping for seVeral sites, including one majority weight of testimony by a parade dent's new position is that we would dis- liam Fulbright, as "inhibited." building stones of all matter in the uni- Mear Louisville and one near Lexington.) The term "quarks" is one the physicists of scientists from various fields was this: cLfMn Toimnet "Many senators on the committee have verse perhaps even the keystones to ij tt.

i cuw a settlement with almost anyone. fundamental differences about the nature basic forces of nature, such as gravity. The machine, proposed by the Atomic borrowed from James Joyce's novel while research with atom-smashers ha, Where previously we had rejected dis- of this struggle," Fulbright said. "Perhaps And the physicists cite the possible Energy Commission, would be a 200 "Finnegan Wake, -the story of a bar- mtIe chance of alterln. the cussion terms put out by Hanoi, the Presi- the ones most concerned about it are existence of these particles as one rea- billion-electron-volt device costing $280 tender named Humphrey who was vir- grocerieg or yielding new types of house- luany a nons op creamer om numpmey equlpment( eventually might yield occasionally "surfaced' from his dreams great ma ssibly when a ock would strike.

And, at such rnge from medical times he'd yell: "Three quarks for Mr. weather contro, wh Mark n.u t. uncovers some new source of energy, The physicists have applied the word wc idditional Z'- tK rentiall? energy from the atom of the type now particles they hope they can bring to the empIoyed tomc an(, bQm surface from their own dreams if, indeed, the particles truly exist. All this could come, the scientists said, For Retiring GFs: 'Second Career Counselors help 20-year men prepare for civilian lives By WALTER JAEHNKJ, Staff Writer IT'S NOW 20 YEARS after the war-World War II. that is and you're an The latest wordi on the quarks theory by helping further to elucidate the basic came at recent hearings held by a sub- structure of the universe including the committee of the joint Senate-House atoms of which man himself is made.

Atomic Energy Committee. These hear- As to the most recent achievements ings had as their theme: "What's the in this domain, various scientists told value of atom-smashers to the human the congressmen of: race?" 1. The apparent discovery that the Other questions posed by a we've-got- "reversal of phenomenon to be-shown group of congressmen were: dem0nstrated by the reveisibility of chem-Where does the nation stand and how ical reactions may not be applicable to much farther should it go in support- all particles within the atomic nucleus, ing the high-priced world of high- Dr. Val L. Fitch of Princeton Uni-energy physics, the domain of the versity, who described this, eaid it might atom-smasher? "completely overthrow our notions of Can the taxpayer expect any prac- how the universe operates and what tical payoff from the many millions makes it tick." already spent in this field to say z.

Discovery of the long-sought "anti- jobs, and hiring them isn't a good long-term investment." One ex-serviceman who encountered these attitudes while seeking a job says that "employers believe servicemen are fit only for work as night watchmen or insurance salesmen." Too Early To Tell It's too early to tell how successful "Project Second Career" has been. It didn't go into operation until the spring of 1964, and wasn't pushed in Kentucky until this year, although the Louisville Employment Security Office has had an abbreviated version of the program operating for three years. "It all depends on the individual's abilities and qualifications," Reinecke says. "We can help a man look for a job, but it ultimately boils down to his presentation and the willingness of the employer to hire him." Early returns, however, are encouraging. Last year, 48 per cent cf all veterans who applied through the Kentucky state employment office were eventually placed.

And for the optimistic Reinecke, this is only the beginning. enrollment is limited because veterans are often uninterested in the course being taught, and sometimes they aren't qualified to enter the program. In the long run, the effectiveness of "Project Second Career" depends on the willingness of employers to hire ex-servicemen. Reinecke says many employers have developed biases against hiring the men. He warns retiring servicemen that they may encounter these attitudes from prospective employers: "Military men have been sheltered from the rough-and-tumble business world and lack a competitive spirit.

"Retired military personnel are uncooperative, highly critical and overly impressed with their militaary accomplishments. "Servicemen all want to start at the top in command positions like those they held in the sen-ice. "Military men are too old for new nothing of an expanded program proposed by the AEC? deuteron" the direct opposite of one kind of heavy-hydrogen atomic nucleus The AEC wants the nation to embark used jn H-bomb research. It's also the (artillery expert who "stayed for 20" sentatives of a dozen other state just like the Army urged you to. fe(eral agendes hold an orientation Now what happens? Where in civilian session at Fort Knox for men scheduled life can you ply your trade as an expert to leave the service in the next six in lobbing shells right where somebody months.

They are briefed on labor condi-wantsthem? tions, the services the various agencies Or you're an infantryman. Where in provide, and the problems of transferring civilian life can you get a job doing what military skills to civilian occupations, you know best carrying a pack and a Agencies participating in this session rifle9 include the Federal Civil Service Com mission, the Post Office Department, It's no small problem. Defense Depart- the Social Security Administration, the ment figures show that military retire- state Education Department, and ments have more than tripled since 1955 others, as World War II veterans reach their retirement age after serving a minimum Visits Knox Monthly of 20 years. Until 1959, military retirements had been steady at about 20,000 once a month, Reinecke makes another a year. But by 1968, they are expected to trip to Fort Knox for more individual reach a peak of 63,313 annually.

counseling with men who will be retiring within the next 30 days. Half-Million lo Kettre He also informs the veterans of Pentagon officials expect 529,000 mem- the services available to them at the bers of the armed services to return to 2,000 state employment offices across the civilian life during this decade. country, and lectures on the techniques Most of these men in their early of job-hunting, to middle 40s are at an age when Reinecke says that men leaving the family financial burdens weigh heaviest, services can generally be classed in one oi and military pensions are inadequate two groups. W8 hme hildren First are men who are well-qualified io conege. for dvilan OCCUpations and have de- This surge of retiring veterans is veloped their own retirement plans, responsible for "Project Second Career," Second are men who have primarily a new program designed to ease the military skills and need great assistance transition from battle fatigues to per- in finding civilian employment, manent civvies.

He supports this by quoting a survey of It is officially known as "The Coopera- retiring servicemen conducted by the tive Program for Employment Assistance U.S. Department of Labor last year. Near-to Military Personnel Scheduled for Re- ly 20 per cent were found to be un-tirement." The program is the result of employed six months after their separate efforts by the Defense Department, tion from the service, the Department of Labor, and state Reinecke says that the majority of on a $6 billion, 15-year program includ largest particle of anti matter yet created ing construction, in the near future, on earth. of the 200-BEV atom-smasher. This would have almost seven times the energy of The Foundation Stones the world's presently most powerful ma- na It was Dr.

Murray Gell-Mann of the chine, an American one. California Institute of Technology, an The AEC even has a gleam in its eye expert on subnUclear particles, who first to eventually build a monster gave the congressmen a fill-in on the that would cost $1 billion and sprawl quarks theory. It was, namely, that three over an area 2 miles in diameter. particles called quarks may be the Atom-smashers which have names like foundation stones of all matter, cyclotron, bevatron, synchrotron, and He granted he had some doubts that shynchro-cyclotron are designed to ex- the concept was correct. But he said piore the fundamental forces of matter, a good way lo find out would be to They do this by accelerating subnuclear build more-powerful atom-smashers, "bullets" such as electrons and pro- Juarks do exist, and can be cor- tons to speeds approaching the velocity uralled, he said, they'd provide a sensa- of light (186,000 miles a second) and new source of energy, imparting tremendous energies to them.

But it was Dr. Luke C. L. Yuan of The projectiles then crash through the the AEC's Brookhaven Laboratory, on nuclei or hearts of atoms of various Lon Island, N. who really came employment services in every state which the servicemen need only to be in structed in the techniques of job-hunting: has a major military installation.

writing resumes, developing job contacts, writing letters of application for jobs, and conducting job interviews. Ex-General Helping (i i Handling the program in the Louis- out strong lor quarics, aiunouga no Many of these men have never had im a ll ui uitac uit.il nave iicw uau "target" chemicals. Some atom-smashers preferred to call them "triplets." are doughnut- -III rtt: Sitir MJl to look for Jb because tney went foKft la "They have to learn to present their qual- Conceivably, he said, one form of these shaped, others are linear affairs. But thetical 'partides could asily in all of them, the tiny bullets are up-Arhile eit opposite-nunAer ifications in 'civilian Reln- Reinecke says the program consists ecke gaid of employment orientation, counseling, anti-particles could be bottled up else- Finding jobs for the second group KICKea io niga eneiSJ icveia u.v anti.pa the action of magnetic or electrical fields wnere testing, and job-placement assistance for ihl Smuo JrZlr those without civilian-job training-is a veterans entering the civilian work bjggcr problem. Reinecke starts from tnrougn wmcn mey pass.

Then, he said, bring them together, id they would annihilate each other, annihilate each other, 1 w-- of a small town to invade a nuclear with a release of energy about 1,000 scratch, helping the veteran make a In Kentucky, nearly 1,000 veterans realistic appraisal of his abilities and retire from Fort Knox and Fort Campbell qualifications. each year. Reinecke handles the con- Occupational aptitude tests are given tacts with the 75 servicemen who retire to the veteran, and then job op- from Fort Knox each month, and the portunities in Kentucky and other state employment office in Hopkinsville state" are reviewed. Some men are operates a similar program with Fort directed to other parts of the country Campbell. where jobs are more readily available in specific fields.

Others are enrolled Reinecke's direct contact with retiring in retraining programs under the Man-personnel begins six months before they power Development Training Act. are scheduled to retire. Reinecke adds that while veterans Each January and July, Reinecke and are given priority in MDT programs, their it times greater than that loosed by an of an atom. (And you can fit literally thousands of atoms on a pinhead.) H-bomb. Only a generation ago the atomic The world's presently most-powerful nucleus was thought to consist of only atom-smasher is the 33BEV machine at two kinds of particles neutrons and Brookhaven Laboratory.

protons. But the atom-smashers have But Russia is building a 70-BEV job now uncovered a whole brigade of about which it expects to put in operation 100 additional ones. And the scientists next year. Staff Photo by Robort Stolnau Frank M. Reinecke, a former Marine Corps brigadier general, talks with a retiring GI at the Louisville Employment Security Office.

Reinecke is handling here "Project Second national program to help retiring servicemen find suitable jobs in civilian life..